A clinical observation was made on 253 cases of lower one-third ureteral calculi among the total number of 1,438 in-patients admitted in the Department of Urology, Seoul Adventist Hopsital during the 7 years and 5 months from January 1975 to May 1982. The results of this observation are summarized as follows:
1. Among the total admissions (1,438 cases), those with urolithiasis were 406 cases (28.2%) and with lower 1/3ureteral calculi were 253 cases (62.3%).
2. The highest incidence on age distribution showed in 21 to 40 years (58.5%) and the sex ratio of male and female was about 1.3:1.
3. The most favored predirection of ureteral stone was lower 1/a of ureter in approximately 62.3% of all casesand the ratio between right and left was about 1.13:1.
4. The clinical symptoms of lower ⅓ ureteral stone showed lower abdominal pain in 93.7%, flank pain in 90.5%, nausea and vomiting in 56.1%, gross hematuria in 47.4% and vesical irritability in some cases.
5. Microscopic hematuria was presented in 87.7% and pyuria in 63.6%.
6. In lower 1/3 ureteral stones, hydronephrosis with or without functional deterioration was detected in 87.7%on excretory urograms, among them, moderate or marked hydronephrosis presented in 45.9%.
7. The most common size, below 0.5 cm in its diameter.
8. The Treatments of lower ⅓ ureteral stone were primary stone dislodger application and indwelled Dormia stone basket in 100 cases (39.5%), ureterolithotomy in 80 cases (31.6%), conservative treatement and spon-taneous expelling in 73 cases (28.9%).
9. The success rate of primary stone dislodger and indwelling of Dormia stone basket showed former in 45.8%, latter in 87.8%.
10. The mean duration of hospitalization was primary stone dislodger in 2.4 days, indwelled Dormia stonebasket in 4.8 days, ureterolithotomy in 13.4 days and conservative treatment in 3.6 days.
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